Focal Flower

• The focal flower is a term used a lot in flower arranging. Focal flowers are the stars of the arrangement, and have the largest blossom measurements so that they get the most attention when they start to open. When designing a flower arrangement the focal flowers are what you want people to notice first and most.
  
  

Intermediate Flower

• The intermediate flower complements the focal flower in a flower arrangement. Intermediate flowers are smaller than focal flowers, and have an average blossom size of between 1.5 to 3 inches. An intermediate flower must not distract the attention away from the focal flower.
  
  

Filler Flower

• A filler flower is a bunch of small flowers that fill up empty spaces within the flower arrangement. Baby's breath is a commonly used filler flower for bouquets. Aside from small flowers, other types of fillers are added to a floral arrangement to complete the gaps, such as stalks of grass, cattails, bamboo and berries.
  
  

Scale

• When you hear the word scale used in floral arrangements this relates to the size of the flowers in the arrangement. The scale refers to how the flowers and foliage relate in size to create balance. You want certain flowers to stand out, such as the focal flowers, and not be overshadowed by an imbalanced scale of intermediate or filler flowers. The scale of an arrangement depends on how the designer wants each flower to stand out against the others.
  
  

Composition

• The composition of a flower arrangement describes the unity of the arrangement, from the vase to the flowers to any ornaments or accessories. This includes the use of color, the scale and the textures. If the arrangement has a smooth feeling of motion as you look upon it, then it indicates a good composition.