Psychoanalysis of Freud and Neo-Freudian
INTRODUCTION
In "My Life and Psychoanalysis" Sigmund Freud wrote: "I was born May 6, 1856 in Freiberg in Moravia, a small town in Czechoslovakia today. My parents were Jews, and I myself remain a Jew" [10]. Among psychologists of the XX century Dr. Sigmund Freud has a special place. His main work "The Interpretation of Dreams" was released in 1899, has since ascended to the psychology, one after another, various scientific authorities. But none of them is still an undying interest in Freud and his teachings. This is explained by the fact that his work changed the look of psychology in the XX century, highlighted the fundamental problems of the device's inner world of personality, her motivations and experiences of conflict between her desires and sense of duty, illusory notions of man about himself and others.
It is known that the main regulator of human behavior is unconscious. Freud discovered that behind the veil of consciousness is hidden deep, "boiling" that layer is not perceived personality of the powerful desires, inclinations, desires. As a physician, he was confronted with the fact that these unconscious feelings and motivations can seriously weigh down life and even a cause of nervous and mental diseases. It sent him in search of his patients get rid of conflicts between what is said of their consciousness, and the hidden, blind, unconscious motivations. Thus was born the Freudian method of healing the soul, called psychoanalysis. Freud's theory in many countries is firmly established in the textbooks on psychology, psychotherapy and psychiatry. It has had an impact on other human sciences - sociology, pedagogy, anthropology, ethnology, philosophy, as well as art and literature, "and Freud's methodology knowledge of social phenomena, requiring the disclosure of the underlying mechanisms of unconscious, repressed desires, Freud's followers are widely used and has grown into a kind of philosophy. Psychoanalytic philosophy, which is the basis of empirical analysis, continues and deepens the irrational tendencies "Philosophy of Life", from their position seeks to explain the personal, cultural and social phenomenon.
Numerous opinions of various authors, mostly western, about psychoanalysis indicate the presence of diverse, sometimes opposing points of view on the essence of Freud's teachings. While the prestige and authority of psychoanalysis in recent times has fallen somewhat, it seems urgent to address the legacy of Freud and his followers, and to consider the relationship between psychoanalysis and individual areas of contemporary philosophy.
PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOANALYSIS.
Many Western argue that psychoanalysis of Freud's doctrine is based on the facts of the clinical observation of hysterical patients and review of the founder of psychoanalysis, his own dreams. The origins of psychoanalysis are, in their opinion, psychiatric, psychological concepts of the late XIX century. As for the philosophical ideas, they had no effect on Freud, for he not only biased against the abstract thinking of philosophers, but actually never applied to philosophical treatises.
Other researchers believe that some philosophical ideas could well have an impact on the formation of various psychoanalytic concepts. Among the philosophers who thought that the man gave rise to the formation of Freud are called the names of Aristotle, Plato, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and others.
It is important to note that not all theorists share once created and now supported myth by the purely natural presuppositions of psychoanalysis. Of course, the nomination of Freud's psychoanalytic ideas was accompanied by a widespread rethinking of the late XIX century treatments for hysterical patients. However, it would be wrong to relate the origins of the psychoanalytic theory of Freud with his medical practice with the ideas and theories that have been taken from them neurology, physiology and other scientific disciplines. In this respect one may agree with the statement of S. Zweig: "Freud is from medicine is no more than Pascal from mathematics and Nietzsche from ancient classic philology. Undoubtedly, this source says his works have a certain color, but does not define or limit their value" .
Psychoanalytic orientation theorists have long regarded Freud as a scientist, first discovered the unconscious and thus committed a coup science. Such views are common, but very far from the true state of affairs.
So for some of the teachings that have arisen in ancient Indian philosophy, was characteristic the recognition of the existence of "irrational soul", "unreasonable life" that flows in such a way that people "are beyond feeling." In Vedic literature, the Upanishads refer to "prana", which is the vital energy which is initially unconscious. Buddhism is also based on recognition of the presence of unconscious life.
In "My Life and Psychoanalysis" Sigmund Freud wrote: "I was born May 6, 1856 in Freiberg in Moravia, a small town in Czechoslovakia today. My parents were Jews, and I myself remain a Jew" [10]. Among psychologists of the XX century Dr. Sigmund Freud has a special place. His main work "The Interpretation of Dreams" was released in 1899, has since ascended to the psychology, one after another, various scientific authorities. But none of them is still an undying interest in Freud and his teachings. This is explained by the fact that his work changed the look of psychology in the XX century, highlighted the fundamental problems of the device's inner world of personality, her motivations and experiences of conflict between her desires and sense of duty, illusory notions of man about himself and others.
It is known that the main regulator of human behavior is unconscious. Freud discovered that behind the veil of consciousness is hidden deep, "boiling" that layer is not perceived personality of the powerful desires, inclinations, desires. As a physician, he was confronted with the fact that these unconscious feelings and motivations can seriously weigh down life and even a cause of nervous and mental diseases. It sent him in search of his patients get rid of conflicts between what is said of their consciousness, and the hidden, blind, unconscious motivations. Thus was born the Freudian method of healing the soul, called psychoanalysis. Freud's theory in many countries is firmly established in the textbooks on psychology, psychotherapy and psychiatry. It has had an impact on other human sciences - sociology, pedagogy, anthropology, ethnology, philosophy, as well as art and literature, "and Freud's methodology knowledge of social phenomena, requiring the disclosure of the underlying mechanisms of unconscious, repressed desires, Freud's followers are widely used and has grown into a kind of philosophy. Psychoanalytic philosophy, which is the basis of empirical analysis, continues and deepens the irrational tendencies "Philosophy of Life", from their position seeks to explain the personal, cultural and social phenomenon.
Numerous opinions of various authors, mostly western, about psychoanalysis indicate the presence of diverse, sometimes opposing points of view on the essence of Freud's teachings. While the prestige and authority of psychoanalysis in recent times has fallen somewhat, it seems urgent to address the legacy of Freud and his followers, and to consider the relationship between psychoanalysis and individual areas of contemporary philosophy.
PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOANALYSIS.
Many Western argue that psychoanalysis of Freud's doctrine is based on the facts of the clinical observation of hysterical patients and review of the founder of psychoanalysis, his own dreams. The origins of psychoanalysis are, in their opinion, psychiatric, psychological concepts of the late XIX century. As for the philosophical ideas, they had no effect on Freud, for he not only biased against the abstract thinking of philosophers, but actually never applied to philosophical treatises.
Other researchers believe that some philosophical ideas could well have an impact on the formation of various psychoanalytic concepts. Among the philosophers who thought that the man gave rise to the formation of Freud are called the names of Aristotle, Plato, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and others.
It is important to note that not all theorists share once created and now supported myth by the purely natural presuppositions of psychoanalysis. Of course, the nomination of Freud's psychoanalytic ideas was accompanied by a widespread rethinking of the late XIX century treatments for hysterical patients. However, it would be wrong to relate the origins of the psychoanalytic theory of Freud with his medical practice with the ideas and theories that have been taken from them neurology, physiology and other scientific disciplines. In this respect one may agree with the statement of S. Zweig: "Freud is from medicine is no more than Pascal from mathematics and Nietzsche from ancient classic philology. Undoubtedly, this source says his works have a certain color, but does not define or limit their value" .
Psychoanalytic orientation theorists have long regarded Freud as a scientist, first discovered the unconscious and thus committed a coup science. Such views are common, but very far from the true state of affairs.
So for some of the teachings that have arisen in ancient Indian philosophy, was characteristic the recognition of the existence of "irrational soul", "unreasonable life" that flows in such a way that people "are beyond feeling." In Vedic literature, the Upanishads refer to "prana", which is the vital energy which is initially unconscious. Buddhism is also based on recognition of the presence of unconscious life.
