Symptoms

• According to MedlinePlus, symptoms of kidney stones include pain in the stomach or back, bloody urine, nausea, vomiting and fever. In males, the pain can travel from the groin to the testicles.
  
  

Types

• According to the Mayo Clinic, many types of kidneys stones exist. Calcium stones are the most common and are composed of calcium oxalate. Struvite stones are mostly found in women and are a result of urinary tract infections. Uric acid stones develop if you eat a high-protein diet. Cystine stones are rare and form in people whose urine contains too much amino acid (a chemical normally found in the body).
  
  

Diagnosis

• Kidney stones are diagnosed through various means, such as urinalysis. In addition, images of the stone can be taken using a kidney ultrasound (which creates an image through sound waves), X-ray, or CT (computed tomography) scan of the stomach.
  
  

Risk Factors

• According to the Mayo Clinic, some risk factors for developing kidney stones include not drinking enough water, family history of the disease, obesity, high blood pressure, and a high protein and sodium diet.
  
  

Treatment

• Usually the kidney stone passes when you urinate. If not, treatment for kidney stones includes medications such as diuretics to increase the amount of urine you make, surgery to remove the stone, or lithotripsy to break up the stone using shock waves of energy, according to MedlinePlus. Treatment is dependent upon symptoms and the duration of time the stone has resided in the kidney.